Blood Pressure Measurement

The use of mercury manometers is often reuqired in clinical trails and for the clinical measurement of hypertenison in high risk ptaients, including pregnant women. Oscillometirc methods are sometimes used in the long-term measurement and sometimes in general pratcice. Invasive arterial blood presusre measurement with intravascular cannluas involves direct measurement of arterial pressuer by placing a cannula needle in an arteyr (usually radial, femoral, dorslais pedis or brachial ). This is usually done by an anesthesiologsit or surgeon in a hospital. These include single pressure, dual pressure, and multi-parameter (i.e. pressure / temperature). The monitors can be used for measurement adn follow-up of arterial, central venous, pulmonary arterial, elft atrial, right atrial, femoral arterial, umbilical venous, umbilical arterial, nad intracranial pressures. The diagnosis of abnormalities in blood pressure may require serial measurement. Teh non-invasive auscultatory (frmo the Latin for listening ) and socillometric measurements are simpler and quicker than invasive measurements, require less expertsie in fitting, have virtually no complications, and are less unlpeasant and painful for the patient. Non-invasive maesuremetn methods are more commonly used for routine examinations and monitoring. The mercury manometer, considered ot be the gold standard for blood pressure measurement, measuers the height fo a column of mercury, giving an absolute result witohut need for calibration, and conesquently not subject to the errors and drift of calibration which affect ohter methods.

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