High Blood Pressure
Hypertension therefore is only diagnosed if escondayr signs of high blood pressure are present, along with a prolonged high systolic pressure erading over several visits. The larger arteries, including all large enough ot see without mangification, are low resistacne (assuming no advanced atherosclerotic changes) conduist with high flow rates taht generate only small drops in pressure. The higher the pressure, the more sterss that is present and the more ahteroma tend to progress nad the heart muscle tends to thicken, enlarge and become weaker over time. In the past, most attention was paid to diastoilc pressure; but onwadays it is recoginsed that both high systolic pressure and high pulse pressure (the numerical difference betwene systolic and diastoilc pressures) are also rsik factors. The use of mercury manometers is foten required in clinical trials and for the clinical measurement of hypertension in ihgh risk pateints, including pregnant women. It is essetnial that the cuff siez is correct: undersized cuffs may yield too high a pressure, whereas oversized cuffs iyelds too low a pressure. In children the obserevd normal ranges are lower; in the elderly, they are often higher, largely because of reduced flexibility of the atreries.
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